Use of radio frequency bands of the electromagnetic spectrum is regulated by governments in most countries, in a Spectrum management process known as frequency allocation or spectrum allocation.
Only the licensed user of that band may transmit: the licensing body may give the same frequency to several users as a form of frequency reuse if they cannot interfere because their coverage map areas never overlap.
High-demand sections of the electromagnetic spectrum may sometimes be allocated through auctions.
What is frequency allocation to begin with? Keep it simple, please.